Mixture-compressing rotary piston internal combustion engine of trochoidal construction

ABSTRACT

A mixture-compressing rotary piston internal combustion engine, especially of trochoidal type of construction, with fuel injection, which comprises a housing casing provided with an inlet and an outlet channel and a piston rotating within the housing casing; the fuel is injected through two nozzles arranged one behind the other in the housing casing whereby the center longitudinal axis of the first nozzle either intersects the center longitudinal axis of the inlet channel at the inner side of the housing casing or is substantially coaxial therewith, the center longitudinal axis of the second nozzle is arranged substantially transversely to the center longitudinal axis of the first nozzle upstream of the major axis in the cold arc of the casing.

United States Patent Lamm 1 Sept. 5, 1972 [54] MIXTURE-COMPRESSING ROTARY 3,283,750 11/1966 Lohner ..l23/8.l1

PISTON INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE 0F TROCHOIDAL FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS CONSTRUCTION 1,301,614 8/1964 Germany 123/809 [72] Inventor: gltelnGzeLrglginm, Bernhardt, Esslmgen- Primary-Emminer Manuel A. Amonakas y Attorney--Craig, Antonelli, Stewart & Hill [73] Assignee: Daimler-Benz Aktiepgesellschaft,

Germany [57] ABSTRACT [22] Filed: Nov. 19, 1970 A mixture-compressing rotary piston intemal combustion engine, especially of trochoidal type of con- [211 App]' 90999 struction, with fuel injection, which comprises a housing casing provided with an inlet and an outlet channel [30] Foreign Application Priority Data and a piston rotating within the housing casing; the

fuel is injected through two nozzles arranged one be- Nov. 21, 1969 Germany ..P 19 58 505.8 hind the other in the housing casing whereby the center longitudinal axis of the first nozzle either inter- (gl sects the center longitudinal axis of the inlet channel at the inner Side of the housing casing or is Substam [58] Field of Search ..l23/8.09, 8.1 l, 8.05 tially coaxial therewith, the center longitudinal axis of the second nozzle is arranged substantially transverse- [56] References Cited ly to the center longitudinal axis of the first nozzle up- UNTTED STATES PATENTS stream of the major axis in the cold arc of the casing.

3,168,078 2/1965 Lamm ..123/8.09 16 Claims, 2 Drawing Figures MIXTURE-COMPRESSING ROTARY PISTON INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE OF TROCHOIDAL CONSTRUCTION The present invention relates to a mixture-compressing rotary piston internal combustion engine especially of trochoidal-type of construction with fuel injection by means of at least one nozzle, essentially consisting of a housing casing provided with an inlet and an exhaust channel and of a piston rotating within the housing casing.

The use of several injection nozzles in a combustion space, for example, one nozzle in the inlet channel and one nozzle in the housing casing, or nozzles arranged far from one another, whereby one nozzle injects in the direction of rotation of the piston, are provided, as is known, for the gapless coverage of as large as possible an air volume in order to attain a uniform mixture formation. However, these prior art arrangements entail the disadvantage that fuel streaks form on the piston top. The fuel is reflected in part from there and wets the cold walls. The thereby forming, readily movable fuel vapor does not penetrate into the air volume by reason of a lack of kinetic energy but instead is guided by the in-flowing air in the direction of the engaging surface of the casing and condenses again in part. A reflected fuel does not produce a good mixture formation but, at best, brings about a thinning of the lubricant. In order to avoid all of these disadvantages, the present invention is concerned with the task to achieve together with an optimum mixture formation, a highly ignitable mixture at the instant of the ignition.

This is attained according to the present invention in that two nozzles are arranged one behind the other in the direction of rotation within the housing casing and in that the center longitudinal axis of the first nozzle intersects the center longitudinal axis of the inlet channel at the inner side of the housing casing or in that possibly the two center longitudinal axes are disposed in a common axis, and in that the center longitudinal axis of the second nozzle is arranged transversely to the center longitudinal axis of the first nozzle upstream of the major axis in the so-called cold arc of the casing.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide-a mixture-compressing rotary piston internal combustion engine of trochoidal construction which avoids by simple means the aforementioned shortcomings and drawbacks encountered in the prior art.

Another object of the present invention resides in a mixture-compressing rotary piston internal combustion engine of trochoidal construction which substantially improves the mixture formation.

A further object of the present invention resides in a mixture-compressing rotary piston internal combustion engine of the aforementioned type which not only improves the mixture formation but also eliminates the danger of a thinning of the lubricant while substantially precluding the condensation of fuel. I

These and further objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more obvious from the following description when taken in connection with the accompanying drawing which shows, for purposes of illustration only, one embodiment in accordance with the present invention, and wherein:

FIG. 1 is a somewhat schematic cross-sectional view through a mixture-compressing rotary piston internal combustion engine with an arrangement of two injection nozzles according to the present invention, illustrating the air movement within the combustion space prior to the injection of the fuel; and

FIG. 2 is a somewhat schematic, partial cross-sectional view through the mixture-compressing rotary piston internal combustion engine of FIG. 1, illustrating the flow progress within the combustion space during the injection period of the fuel.

Referring now to the drawing wherein like reference numerals are used throughout the two views to designate like parts, and more particularly to FIG. 1, two nozzles 2 and 3 are arranged one behind the other in the direction of rotation within the housing casing 1 of an otherwise conventional rotary piston internal combustion engine. The nozzle 3 arranged between a spark plug 4 and a major axis 5 of the internal combustion engine is disposed with its center longitudinal axis and with the center longitudinal axis of an inlet channel 7, disposed shortly downstream of the minor axis 6, in a common axis, i.e., a fuel jet 8 of the nozzle 3 as illustrated in FIG. 2 is directed in counter-flow against the in-flowing air 1 1 from the inlet channel 7, or in the alternative, the longitudinal axes of the nozzle 3 and of the inlet channel 7 intersect each other at the inner side of the housing casing 1. The nozzle 2 is arranged in the housing casing 1 transversely to the nozzle 3 upstream of the major axis 5 in the cold arc in such a manner that its fuel jet 9 is directed in the direction toward the center of the piston top 10 and intersects with the fuel jet 8 of the nozzle 3.

The nozzles 2 and 3 are so dimensioned in their relative spacing that the two mutually crossing fuel jets 8 and 9 still possess sufficient kinetic energy in order to continue to assure the desired mixture formation by a splitting or dissociation of the droplets. The fuel vapor forming at that time is seized and taken along by the inflowing suction air coming from the inlet channel 7,

which moves the air prior to the injection of the fuel in the direction (FIG. 1) indicated by the arrows 11, and then flows back to the nozzle 2 together with air along the engaging surface 12 of the casing l in the opposite direction, only to be again deflected at that place in the direction toward the piston top center 10 in order to flow off thereafter in the direction of rotation. The injection of the nozzles 2 and 3 which takes place during the end phase of the suction cycle, is terminated when the spark plug 4 is opened up by the piston 13 moving in the direction of rotation so that at the instant of ignition a highly ignitable mixture results in front of the spark plug 4 by reason of an optimum mixture formation.

' While I have shown and described only one embodiment in accordance with the present invention, it is understood that the same is not limited thereto but is susceptible of numerous changes and modifications as known to those skilled in the art, and I therefore do not wish to be limited to the details shown and described herein, but intend to cover all such changes and modifications as are encompassed by the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is:

l. A mixture-compressing rotary piston internal combustion engine with fuel injection means, which includes a housing casing having an inlet and outlet channel and a piston rotating within the housing casing and 3 effectively forming together with said housing casing a suction space, characterized in that two fuel injection nozzle means are arranged in the housing casing one behind the other in the direction of rotation, and in that the center longitudinal axis of the first nozzle means is arranged generally opposite to the center longitudinal axis of the inlet channel, and in that the center longitudinal axis of the second nozzle means is arranged sub stantially transversely to the center longitudinal axis of the first nozzle means upstream of the major axis in the relatively cold arc portion of the casing so that the center longitudinal axes of the first and second nozzle means intersect in said suction space.

2. A mixture-compressing rotary piston internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the center longitudinal axis of said first nozzle means and the center longitudinal axis of the inlet channel cross each other at the inner side of the housing casing.

3. A mixture-compressing rotary piston internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the center longitudinal axis of the first nozzle means and the center longitudinal axis of the inlet channel are disposed substantially coaxial.

4. A mixture-compressing rotary piston internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized by a spark plug arranged in the casing downstream of the first nozzle means, the injection occurring during the end phase of the suction cycle being terminated when the spark plug is opened up by the piston moving in the direction of rotation.

5. A mixture-compressing rotary piston internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the mutually crossing fuel jets from the first and second nozzles have still sufficient kinetic energy in order to assure the desired mixture formation by continued dissociation of the fuel droplets.

6. A mixture-compressing rotary piston internal combustion engine, according to claim 1, characterized in that the engine is of trochoidal construction.

7. A mixture-compressing rotary piston internal combustion engine according to claim 5, characterized by a spark plug arranged in the casing downstream of the first nozzle means, the injection occurring during the end phase of the suction cycle being terminated when the spark plug is opened up by the piston moving in the direction of rotation.

8. A mixture-compressing rotary piston internal combustion engine, according to claim 7, characterized in that the engine is of trochoidal construction.

9. A mixture-compressing rotary piston internal combustion engine according to claim 8, characterized in that the center longitudinal axis of said first nozzle means and the center longitudinal axis of the inlet channel cross each other at the inner side of the housing casing.

10. A mixture-compressing rotary piston internal combustion engine according to claim 8, characterized in that the center longitudinal axis of the first nozzle means and the center longitudinal axis of the inlet channel are disposed substantially coaxial.

11. A mixture-compressing rotary piston internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the second nozzle means is located substantially within the cold arc of a trochoidal engine nearer the maf'or axis than said first nozzle means.

2. A mixture-compressing rotary piston internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that said first and second nozzle means inject fuel into the suction space substantially simultaneously.

13. A mixture-compressing rotary piston internal combustion engine according to claim 12, characterized in that the engine of trochoidal construction has a major axis, said first nozzle meansrbeing located downstream of said major axis within said suction space while said second nozzle means is located upstream of said major axis.

14. A mixture-compressing rotary piston internal combustion engine according to claim 13, characterized in that said second nozzle means is located approximately midway in the housing casing between the 

1. A mixture-compressing rotary piston internal combustion engine with fuel injection means, which includes a housing casing having an inlet and outlet channel and a piston rotating within the housing casing and effecTively forming together with said housing casing a suction space, characterized in that two fuel injection nozzle means are arranged in the housing casing one behind the other in the direction of rotation, and in that the center longitudinal axis of the first nozzle means is arranged generally opposite to the center longitudinal axis of the inlet channel, and in that the center longitudinal axis of the second nozzle means is arranged substantially transversely to the center longitudinal axis of the first nozzle means upstream of the major axis in the relatively cold arc portion of the casing so that the center longitudinal axes of the first and second nozzle means intersect in said suction space.
 2. A mixture-compressing rotary piston internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the center longitudinal axis of said first nozzle means and the center longitudinal axis of the inlet channel cross each other at the inner side of the housing casing.
 3. A mixture-compressing rotary piston internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the center longitudinal axis of the first nozzle means and the center longitudinal axis of the inlet channel are disposed substantially coaxial.
 4. A mixture-compressing rotary piston internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized by a spark plug arranged in the casing downstream of the first nozzle means, the injection occurring during the end phase of the suction cycle being terminated when the spark plug is opened up by the piston moving in the direction of rotation.
 5. A mixture-compressing rotary piston internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the mutually crossing fuel jets from the first and second nozzles have still sufficient kinetic energy in order to assure the desired mixture formation by continued dissociation of the fuel droplets.
 6. A mixture-compressing rotary piston internal combustion engine, according to claim 1, characterized in that the engine is of trochoidal construction.
 7. A mixture-compressing rotary piston internal combustion engine according to claim 5, characterized by a spark plug arranged in the casing downstream of the first nozzle means, the injection occurring during the end phase of the suction cycle being terminated when the spark plug is opened up by the piston moving in the direction of rotation.
 8. A mixture-compressing rotary piston internal combustion engine, according to claim 7, characterized in that the engine is of trochoidal construction.
 9. A mixture-compressing rotary piston internal combustion engine according to claim 8, characterized in that the center longitudinal axis of said first nozzle means and the center longitudinal axis of the inlet channel cross each other at the inner side of the housing casing.
 10. A mixture-compressing rotary piston internal combustion engine according to claim 8, characterized in that the center longitudinal axis of the first nozzle means and the center longitudinal axis of the inlet channel are disposed substantially coaxial.
 11. A mixture-compressing rotary piston internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the second nozzle means is located substantially within the cold arc of a trochoidal engine nearer the major axis than said first nozzle means.
 12. A mixture-compressing rotary piston internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that said first and second nozzle means inject fuel into the suction space substantially simultaneously.
 13. A mixture-compressing rotary piston internal combustion engine according to claim 12, characterized in that the engine of trochoidal construction has a major axis, said first nozzle means being located downstream of said major axis within said suction space while said second nozzle means is located upstream of said major axis.
 14. A mixture-compressing rotary piston internal combustion engine according to claim 13, characterized in that said second nozzle meAns is located approximately midway in the housing casing between the first nozzle means and the inlet channel.
 15. A mixture-compressing rotary piston internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the engine of trochoidal construction has a major axis, said first nozzle means being located downstream of said major axis within said suction space while said second nozzle means is located upstream of said major axis.
 16. A mixture-compressing rotary piston internal combustion engine according to claim 15, characterized in that said second nozzle means is located approximately midway in the housing casing between the first nozzle means and the inlet channel. 